Mathematically, how do you work out 'three quarter pace"?
Let's say (for the sake of easy calculations) your best time for an event is 1 minute. In practice, you want to go three quarter pace. So a 100% effort will result in a time of 60 seconds. A 75% effort should result in a longer time. My rudimentary maths tells me I should divide 100 by 75 and multiply the result by 60. That works out to 80 seconds, which is a minute and 20 seconds. Why does that sound much slower than what I would normally envisage three quarter pace to be? Or is my maths completely messed up?
Parents
Former Member
Great topic for discussion
Perhaps we should consider the two separate issues:
- Physiological response to exercise stress (i.e. heart rate, repirotory rate, lactic acid build up etc.)
- Power resistance "curve" provided by swimming activity
The power resistance "curve" for swimming activity would be where you could find the answer to the original question of a 3/4 pace swim to simulate competition effort.
Hydrodyanamic drag of a swimmer body through the water increases as the velocity squared. As a result, the power required to make a interval time will increase as the square of the relative change in time. Consider the following equations
F_drag = C_flow * V^2
V_swim = d_swim/t_interval
W_swim = F_drag * D_pool
P_swim = W_swim * t_interval
where:
F_drag - hydrodyamic drag of swimmer body through water
V_swim - swimmer velocity through water
d_swim - pool distance swum
t_interval - competition time or training pace interval
W_swim - work expenditure of swimmer. This quantity is directly related to required caloric intake to recover from swim workout
P_swim - power expenditure of swimmer. This quantity is related to swimmer bodies capability to convert chemical energy stores into usefull muscular power output
I put in the term C_flow as a constant that would represent an individuals flow resistance in the water. It considers skin friction, form drag and stroke efficiency. You would determine your personal C_flow number from swim tests. You might have one C_flow for sloppy swimming and one for high quality ;)
If you take all these equations and combine you could get the following:
P_race = C_flow * (d_swim^2 / t_race)
So if you consider C_flow and d_swim the same between train and race conditions and wanted an interval that was three quarter (75%) of your race speed power output you would just have.
t_train = t_race/0.75
You were correct in your original answer.
For me the challenge that engages me in those long sets of training intervals is working toward keeping efficiency high (make C_flow low) for strokes and turns and to simulate short periods of race conditions in training to monitor any changes in C_flow.
Happy swimming.
Great topic for discussion
Perhaps we should consider the two separate issues:
- Physiological response to exercise stress (i.e. heart rate, repirotory rate, lactic acid build up etc.)
- Power resistance "curve" provided by swimming activity
The power resistance "curve" for swimming activity would be where you could find the answer to the original question of a 3/4 pace swim to simulate competition effort.
Hydrodyanamic drag of a swimmer body through the water increases as the velocity squared. As a result, the power required to make a interval time will increase as the square of the relative change in time. Consider the following equations
F_drag = C_flow * V^2
V_swim = d_swim/t_interval
W_swim = F_drag * D_pool
P_swim = W_swim * t_interval
where:
F_drag - hydrodyamic drag of swimmer body through water
V_swim - swimmer velocity through water
d_swim - pool distance swum
t_interval - competition time or training pace interval
W_swim - work expenditure of swimmer. This quantity is directly related to required caloric intake to recover from swim workout
P_swim - power expenditure of swimmer. This quantity is related to swimmer bodies capability to convert chemical energy stores into usefull muscular power output
I put in the term C_flow as a constant that would represent an individuals flow resistance in the water. It considers skin friction, form drag and stroke efficiency. You would determine your personal C_flow number from swim tests. You might have one C_flow for sloppy swimming and one for high quality ;)
If you take all these equations and combine you could get the following:
P_race = C_flow * (d_swim^2 / t_race)
So if you consider C_flow and d_swim the same between train and race conditions and wanted an interval that was three quarter (75%) of your race speed power output you would just have.
t_train = t_race/0.75
You were correct in your original answer.
For me the challenge that engages me in those long sets of training intervals is working toward keeping efficiency high (make C_flow low) for strokes and turns and to simulate short periods of race conditions in training to monitor any changes in C_flow.
Happy swimming.