Training article - For everyone!

... For example, at the most important public university on the West Coast (;)) in the mid 1980s, we had a state-of-the-art strength training program (that included weightlifting, a "speed circuit of isokinetic apparatuses, the notorious "wheels", and an in-water circuit), but we did no physiological assessments other than heart rate, body fat, diet, etc. No V02 max, no lactate measurement, nada. Interesting, looking back. Was it time involved? Cost? Cost/benefit?At a more important (;)) university in heart of Texas in the late mid to late 1980s, we also had little to no assessments other than times/speed. I can remember peeing in a cup for drug testing, but nothing more. It seemed to work pretty well then, but I wonder if anyone in that time period in swimming was doing more advanced physiological testing? Don't the elites these days do lactate testing and more?

... For example, at the most important public university on the West Coast (;)) in the mid 1980s, we had a state-of-the-art strength training program (that included weightlifting, a "speed circuit of isokinetic apparatuses, the notorious "wheels", and an in-water circuit), but we did no physiological assessments other than heart rate, body fat, diet, etc. No V02 max, no lactate measurement, nada. Interesting, looking back. Was it time involved? Cost? Cost/benefit?At a more important (;)) university in heart of Texas in the late mid to late 1980s, we also had little to no assessments other than times/speed. I can remember peeing in a cup for drug testing, but nothing more. It seemed to work pretty well then, but I wonder if anyone in that time period in swimming was doing more advanced physiological testing? Don't the elites these days do lactate testing and more?